关键词: 水稻, 水分利用效率, 农艺性状, 生理特性

Abstract:

Rice is main food crop in China and around world, and it is the biggest consumer in the agricultural water resources. The water use efficiency of rice has always been a research hotspot in resource use efficiency of agriculture. This study summarized the mechanism of high water use efficiency in rice from the definition of water use efficiency, water-requiring property, plant type, leaf type, stomatal characteristics, leaf photosynthesis and transpiration characteristics, root morphology and physiology, water absorption and transportation, plant hormones and molecular mechanisms. The effects of environmental factors, soil characteristics, water management, fertilizer application and other aspects on the high water use efficiency in rice were investigated, and the existing problems and prospects for future research were analyzed.

Key words: rice, water use efficiency, agronomy characteristics, physiological property